Electronics: Using a Logic Level Shifter

Connecting a 5V sensor (like an Arduino) directly to a 3.3V microcontroller (like an ESP32) can destroy the pins.

1. Bidirectional Shifters

Use a MOSFET-based bidirectional shifter for I2C or SPI. These allow data to flow both ways.

2. Wiring

• Connect LV to 3.3V.
• Connect HV to 5V.
• Connect GND to common ground.

3. Signal Pins

Connect your 3.3V signal to the LV1..4 side and your 5V signal to the corresponding HV1..4 side.

4. Testing

Check the voltage on the 'LV' side with a multimeter while sending a signal. It should never exceed 3.3V.